African institute of thought, doctrine, and action

27/09/2026

The Roots of the Great Lakes Conflicts: Forty Years of the Same War

The Roots of the Great Lakes Conflicts: Forty Years of the Same War

Since the 1980s, the Great Lakes region has not emerged from war. Behind every crisis, from the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi to the two Congo wars and the resurgence of the M23, the same causes return: land that is scarce and poorly protected, citizenship granted then withdrawn, poorly drawn borders, exhausted states, minerals that fund the fighters, and crimes that go unpunished. Tuzafrika is publishing an in-depth analysis, based on reports by the United Nations and human rights organisations, that traces these causes and shows what they have in common. It concludes with what the Way of “We” proposes as a way out. Read the full analysis.